https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10654-005-7835-x
Andersson T, Alfredsson L, Källberg H, et al. Calculating measures of biological interaction[J]. European journal of epidemiology, 2005, 20(7): 575-579.

Källberg H, Ahlbom A, Alfredsson L. Calculating measures of biological interaction using R[J]. European journal of epidemiology, 2006, 21(8): 571-573.

实质上就是对数据进行新形式的编码。